Possible explanations are differences in characteristics, quality of esophageal cancer care, or differential strategies for evaluation of recurrence. After the matching procedure, the median disease-free survival was 17.2 months and median overall survival was 28.2 months.ĭisease-free survival in our population-based study was considerably longer than the placebo population of CheckMate-577 (19.7 versus 11.0 months). Median disease-free survival was 19.7 months and median overall survival was 32.2 months. Sixty percent of patients were diagnosed with recurrence or were deceased at the end of follow-up. In addition, to adjust for differences in characteristics between CheckMate 577 and our population-based cohort, a matching-adjusted indirect comparison was performed for pathological lymph node status and pathological tumor status. Disease-free and overall survival were assessed from 12 weeks after resection using Kaplan-Meier methods. ![]() Patients with cervical esophageal cancer, irradical resection, or complete pathological response were excluded. Resected patients with stage II/III esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer (2015-2016) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. The aim of our study was to investigate disease-free and overall survival in a nationwide population aligned with the inclusion criteria of CheckMate 577. Population-based data can provide insights in outcomes from clinical practice. Results of CheckMate 577 show an improved disease-free survival for patients with resected esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer treated with adjuvant nivolumab compared with placebo (22.4 versus 11.0 months).
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